Is there any way to apply a window frame theme for windows explorer without affecting the Windows 10 Taskbar?
If you are talking about "File explorer" and the win 10 theme. No.
Can you make different color window frames and taskbar? Sure, but not how you are hoping. Guessing you are using Windowblinds or have it since you mentioned it above. You can try to find a skin you like and make the taskbar as close to what you want by making a new image and using SkinStudio.
is there the possibility that this optionable (toggleable) functionality could be added to WindowBlinds in the future?
I'm not the expert but in my opinion. I have never seen that option in WB or would not ever expect to see it. Mainly because it's most likely not possible. Not going to happen. That would be like having WB make changes to any part of the theme separately. That's why there is Skinstudio and when making a Windowblind one has to make each part using images, settings, color changes, and other things.
I do understand what you are asking and there must be some available WB skin that will work for you. It would have hopefully the color frames you want and change the taskbar image. Please remember the Microsoft theme is hard coded so making changes to it other than what they allow again is most likely not possible with a third party program.