Koasati, I was wrong about that font choice on the Misc. Tab. It does not change the font of the text under each entry. So it appears there is no way to do that.
OK, so you are using the "Show Names" option (right click tabbed dock > View > Show/Hide Names). Those labels will be the same as the tab font (OD+ Properties > Tabs & Styles > 'Adjust the font used for text on tabs')
Using the Show Names option makes your tabbed dock bigger than if it's turned off (Hide Names). If you Hide Names, you will get the name of the dock entry on mouseover, and that font is controlled under the Misc Options I spoke of.